tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30631461464524593602024-02-07T05:39:35.999+01:00Fadae Madrassatiمنتدى يهنم بالتربية و التكوين،وبكل ما يرتبط بالتفكير الحر و النزيه و الديمقراطي.
مرحبا بكل القراء المفترضين.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger3125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3063146146452459360.post-12583297108012833512019-08-15T18:08:00.001+01:002019-08-15T18:15:58.676+01:00Insérer une animation Flash dans un document Word<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">Table des matières<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></b></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/#LI"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">I. Introduction</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/#LII"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">II. Insertion du
Flash</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;"><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/#LII-A"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">II-A. Contrôle
Active X</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt;"><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/#LII-B"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">II-B. Rendu du
document</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/#LIII"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">III. Télechargements</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/#LIV"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">IV. Remerciements</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vous pouvez
commenter et donner une note à cet article : </span><a href="http://www.developpez.net/forums/showthread.php?t=665332"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">1 commentaire</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><a href="http://www.developpez.net/forums/showthread.php?t=665332&nojs=1#goto_threadrating" title=""Donner une note à l'article (5)" "><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
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Comment intégrer une animation Flash dans un document Word. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Article lu
4585 fois.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">L'auteur</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<a href="http://www.developpez.net/forums/u47206/dolphy35/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Morgan BILLY</span></a><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">L'article</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Publié le 30 septembre 2007 -
Mis à jour le 18 mai 2012 </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Durée : 15
minutes</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/flash.pdf" title="Télécharger la version PDF de cet article."><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Version PDF</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/flash.epub" title="Télécharger la version ePub de l'article compatible avec la plupart des liseuses non Kindle (Amazon)."><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">ePub</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">, </span><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/flash.azw" title="Télécharger la version Azw spécifique aux liseuses Kindle (Amazon)."><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Azw</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> et </span><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/flash.mobi" title="Télécharger la version Mobi de l'article compatible avec les liseuses Amazon."><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mobi</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">Liens sociaux</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://www.viadeo.com/shareit/share/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdolphy35.developpez.com%2Farticle%2Fword%2Ffiches%2Fflash%2F&Title=Ins%C3%A9rer+une+animation+Flash+dans+un+document+Word" title=""Viadeo" "><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><a href="http://twitter.com/timeline/home?status=http%3A%2F%2Fdolphy35.developpez.com%2Farticle%2Fword%2Ffiches%2Fflash%2F" title=""Twitter" "><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fdolphy35.developpez.com%2Farticle%2Fword%2Ffiches%2Fflash%2F" title=""Facebook" "><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><a href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdolphy35.developpez.com%2Farticle%2Fword%2Ffiches%2Fflash%2F" title=""Google +" "><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">inPartager</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">I. Introduction</span></b><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/" title="Haut de page"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">▲</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cette fiche
est une participation aux nombreuses fiches mises à votre disposition par </span><a href="http://www.developpez.net/forums/member.php?u=86775"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Olivier Lebeau
(Heureux-oli)</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">.<br />
Vous pouvez retrouver toutes ces fiches sur son site => </span><a href="http://heureuxoli.developpez.com/office/word/fiches/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Retrouvez toutes les
fiches pratiques de Word</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br />
Nous allons dans cette Fiche mettre une animation Flash dans un document Word.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nous allons
utiliser un contrôle Active X, ceci provoquera une demande de validation des
macros à l'ouverture du document.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Un lien très
intérréssant : </span><a href="http://silkyroad.developpez.com/VBA/PiloterFlash/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Piloter une animation
Flash en VBA</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> de
SilkyRoad </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">II. Insertion du Flash</span></b><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/" title="Haut de page"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">▲</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dans un
premier temps, comme nous allons utiliser un contrôle formulaire, il faut
mettre le document en Mode Création, pour cela allez dans le menu <b>Affichage</b>
puis sur l'onglet <b>Barre d'Outils</b> Validez l'option <b>Boîte à Outils
Contrôles</b>. Vous pouvez également activer la boîte par un clic droit dans la
barre d'outils puis sélectionnez <b>Boîte à Outils Contrôles</b> :<br />
-> Cliquez sur l'icône suivant <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Pour Word 2007 </b>: la <b>Boîte à Outils Contrôles</b> se situe dans
l'onglet <b>Développeur</b>. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/images/boite.png"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">II-A. Contrôle Active X</span></b><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/" title="Haut de page"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">▲</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pour insérer
l'objet Flash, il faut insérer un Contrôle Active X de type <b>Shockwave Flash
Object</b> :<br />
-> Dans la <b>Boîte à Outils Contrôles</b> cliquez sur l'icône <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><br />
-> Pour Word 2007 il faut dans l'onglet <b>Développeur</b> cliquez sur
l'icône <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span>puis cliquez ensuite sur l'icône <b>Autres contrôles</b> <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/images/ActiveX.png"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">-> Dans
la fenêtre suivant sélectionnez le contrôle <b>Shockwave Flash Object</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Un objet
vient d'apparaître sur votre document :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cette objet
est la représentation de votre Flash, si vous voulez augmenter la taille,
sélectionnez l'objet et étirer le en sélectionnant un angle. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Maintenant
il faut lier le contrôle à votre Flash, pour cela réalisez un clic droit sur
votre contrôle et sélectionnez propriétés : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dans la
fenêtre de Propriétés il faut renseigner le chemin de votre animation (ou URL)
dans la propriété <b>Movie</b> et mettre la propriété <b>Playing</b> à <b>True</b>.
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">->
Enlever le mode Création. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">II-B. Rendu du document</span></b><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/" title="Haut de page"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">▲</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Voici le
rendu du document terminé : </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/images/doc.png"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; text-decoration: none;">
</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">III. Télechargements</span></b><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/" title="Haut de page"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">▲</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">->
Document Exemple : </span><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/fichiers/exemple.doc"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Fichier Word</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br />
-> Animation Flash : </span><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/fichiers/sourisdetricote1.swf"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Animation</span></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">IV. Remerciements</span></b><a href="http://dolphy35.developpez.com/article/word/fiches/flash/" title="Haut de page"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">▲</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Merci à
toute l'équipe MS Office.<br />
</span><a href="http://www.developpez.net/forums/u1804/nono40/" target="_blank"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nono40</span></b></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> pour son excellent outil.<br />
A </span><a href="http://www.developpez.com/" target="_blank"><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">www.developpez.com</span></b></a><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> pour leur hébergement. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3063146146452459360.post-26488765600834857402019-08-14T22:55:00.001+01:002019-08-14T22:55:46.577+01:00أسس وطرق تقديم وتقييم وتصحيح التعبير الكتابي<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div style="text-align: right;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">مقدمة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">التعبير الكتابي هو توصيل
الأفكار للآخرين من خلال استخدام الرموز الكتابية. يعتبر التعبير الكتابي من أرقى
درجات التحصيل الانساني، ويتم تحقيقه فقط حين تتحقق جميع متطلباته.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">تعد
الكتابة إحدى وسائل التواصل بين البشر، والتعبير الكتابي هو وسيلة تمكن التلميذ من
ترجمة أفكاره وبلورة آرائه ضمن سياق لغوي يتسم يغنى الألفاظ، ووجيز العبارات، وصحة
التراكيب. وعلى الرغم من التقدم التقني الذي شهده مجال الكتابة الإلكترونية إلا أن
الحاجة تبقى ماسة إلى تعلم مهارات التعبير الكتابي في مختلف المراحل التعليمية</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">تعريف التعبير</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">1 ـ
لغة </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">من عبر
يعبر تعبيرا أي الشخص فصح عن ما يجول بخاطره وبينه بالكلام .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">2 ـ
اصطلاحا </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">لفظ
يطلق عن ما يعبر عنه في بضعة أسطر ويضم في الغالب ثلاثة عناصر أساسية هي المقدمة ،
العرض أو جوهر الموضوع ، الخاتمة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">أو هو
امتلاك القدرة على نقل الفكرة أو الإحساس الذي يعتمل في الذهن أو الصدر إلى السامع
وقد يتم ذلك شفوياً أو كتابياً</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">معنى
الوضعية الإدماجية في اللغة العربية:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">بلغة
بسيطة هي أن يطلب من التلميذ كتابة موضوع إنشائي معين يعبّر فيه عن قدراته الفكرية
واللغوية و التعبيرية بشرط أن يدمج فيه بعض ما درسه واكتسبه من مواد أخرى مثل
النحو والصرف والقراءة......... من خلال كتابة موضوع يحلّ له الإشكالية المطروحة
أو الوضعية المطلوب التعبير عنها بنجاح</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 12.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">أسس التعبير ومنطلقاته:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 23.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">الأسس
النفسية:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">• حيث
يميل التلميذ إلى التحدث عما يحس به في النفس وبخاصة إلى من يثق بهم لذلك على
المعلم السعي لاكتساب ثقة التلميذ ليصرح له عما بداخله.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
تعبير الطالب عن نفسه يتطلب دوافع والمعلم الجيد هو من يستطيع توفير ذلك الدافع
لحفز التلاميذ على التعبير.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">• إن
تأليف الأفكار عملية معقدة يلجأ فيها العقل لاستعراض ما يمتلك من ثروة في الألفاظ
ليصف الفكرة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
يتعلم التلميذ عن طريق المحاكاة لما يسمع ويقلده وعلى المعلم أن يلجأ إلى اللغة
الفصيحة في الحديث.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 23.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">الأسس
التربوية:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">فالتربية
تتيح مجالاً من الحرية حيث يفسح للتلميذ اختيار الموضوع الذي يتحدث فيه ولمل كان
التعبير نشاطاً لغوياً مستمراً فغن على المعلم أن ينتهز الفرصة في تهيئة التلاميذ
ليعبروا إما بالكتابة أو بالحديث.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">الأسس
اللغوية:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">فثروة
الطلاب في التعبير محدودة في الألفاظ والتراكيب لذلك علينا إثراء هذه الألفاظ
والتراكيب وذلك باستغلال دروس القراءة والاستماع ، ويجب البدء بالتعبير الشفوي
لأنه أسبق من التعبير الكتابي لطبيعة استخدام اللغة في الحياة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">مبادئ
تربوية عامة في تدريس التعبير: وحتى يتم استغلال هذه الأسس في الوصول بالمتعلم الى
جعله ينتج نصا يتواصل به مع الآخرين وجب علينا كمعلمين : </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
اعتبار المتعلم محور العملية التعليمية/ التعلمية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
التحول من التعليم التلقيني إلى تعزيز المشاركة والحوار.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
الإفادة من خبرات المتعلم السابقة والعمل على تطويرها والبناء عليها.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
تطبيق مبادئ التربية العامة من مثل: التدرج من المعلوم إلى المجهول ، من السهل إلى
الصعب......</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
التركيز على الاستقلالية في التعلم والتقويم.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
اعتماد التقويم المرحلي للتغلب على النقص والخلل.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
توظيف الوسائل التعليمية / التعلمية والتركيز على الواقع المحسوس والملاحظة
والتجربة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
استخدام المنحى الترابطي في أثناء عملية التعليم والتعلم.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
تشجيع العمل الفريقي حافزاً على توزيع الأدوار وتحمل المسؤوليات والمشاركة ومدخلاً
جيداً للتعلم.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
التدرج في استخدام الفصحى لغة تحصيل وتعبير.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">•
الاتجاه في التدريس إلى النواحي العملية والتطبيقات الوظيفية أي التعبير بأشكاله
من شفوي وكتابي إلى تواصلي وظيفي.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">صعوبات تواجه التلميذ في التعبير:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 23.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">لعل من
أهم ما يواجه التلميذ من صعوبات في مجال التعبير يمكن إجمالها فيما يلي:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">01- أن
عملية التعبير عملية ذهنية معقدة فالتعبير يبدأ بولادة الفكرة ومن ثم نقل الفكرة
أو الإحساس إلى الآخرين وذلك يحتاج إلى قاموس لغوي من كلمات وحروف وأفعال وأسماء
وإلى معرفة في أصول بناء الجملة ثم بناء الفقرات وهذا ليس بالأمر الهين على أطفال
المرحلة الابتدائية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">02
-نفور التلاميذ من دروس التعبير لشعورهم بالعجز عن نقل فكرهم وإحساسهم مما يستدعي
من المعلم أخذهم بالصبر والأناة وقبول تعبيراتهم أياً كانت بساطتها.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">03 -
عدم إدراك التلاميذ أهمية التعبير لذلك على المعلم إبراز أهمية التعبير عن طريق
التعزيز والمكافأة والإطراء للذين يتقنون التعبير عن أنفسهم.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">صعوبات تواجه المعلم في تدريس التعبير:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">يواجه
بعض المعلمين صعوبات ومشاكل في تدريب تلاميذهم على التعبير ومن ذلك:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">01
-التركيز على تدريس المهارات اللغوية مثل القراءة والكتابة والتدريبات اللغوية
وذلك لمحدوديتها ووضوح أهدافها.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">02
-عدم تمكن بعض المعلمين من أساليب تدريب التلاميذ على التعبير وذلك لشمولية
التعبير واعتماده على كافة المهارات اللغوية الأخرى.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">03
-عدم معرفة بعض المعلمين لمراحل النمو اللغوي للتلاميذ وبالتالي عدم القدرة على
تحديد قدرات التلاميذ وتحديد المتوقع منهم.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">04
-عدم وضوح أهداف التعبير عند المعلم والطالب معاً.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">05
-اقتناع بعض المعلمين أن التعبير مقتصر على موضوع يكتب عنوانه على السبورة والطلب
من التلاميذ التعبير عنه مع أن هناك أساليب أخرى للتعبير.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">06
-ضعف التلاميذ إجمالاً في اللغة العربية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">07 -أن
التعبير هو عمل شاق يتطلب جهداً لاكتساب المهارات اللغوية كما يتطلب معاناة في
توليد الأفكار.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">08-
نفور المعلم من درس التعبير لأن ذلك سيرهقه في تدقيق دفاتر التلاميذ.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">كيف
يواجه المعلم هذه الصعوبات ويعمل على حلها؟</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">01 -أن
ميل الإنسان إلى التعبير أمر فطري وتبرز هذه الظاهرة واضحة لدى التلاميذ منذ مراحل
نموهم الأولى لذلك على المعلم الاستفادة من هذا الميل وتنميته وتعزيزه بأن يترك
للتلاميذ الفرصة للتعبير عن أنفسهم دون قمعهم أو إحباطهم بالتخويف ودون الاحتكام
إلى معايير الكبار في تقييم ما يقولون.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">02
-يميل التلاميذ في هذه المرحلة إلى خلق عالم خاص من الخيال يجادله ويحاوره والمعلم
الناجح هو من يستغل هذا الميل الغريزي إلى الخيال عند تلاميذه فيعززه ويفسح له
مكاناً في الصف لأنه وسيلة من وسائل التعبير.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">03
-الاستفادة من ميل التلاميذ إلى لعب الأدوار بالتدريب على تمثيل بعض مواقف الحياة
أو بعض النصوص القرآنية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">04
-يميل التلاميذ إلى الإخبار عن كل ما يشاهدونه من حولهم لذلك على المعلم أن يوظف
هذا الميل توظيفاً جيداً في أنشطة معدة للقص أو الأخبار.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">علاقة التعبير ببعض أنشطة اللغة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">في
حقيقة الأمر أن التعبير الكتابي ليس نشاط من أنشطة اللغة العربية فقط بل هو يعتبر
من أهم فروع اللغة العربية هذا من جهة ، ومن جهة أخري نجد أن كل الأنشطة تخدمه
وتصب في مجراه ، من نحو وصرف وإملاء....... إلخ ، وقد حاولت الاجتهاد بعض الشيء
لألمّ بالموضوع من جميع الجوانب حتى يتسنّى لنا تذليل الصعوبات التي تواجه التلميذ
والمعلم على حد سواء</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">1 ـ
علاقة التعبير بالقراءة :</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ
استعمال المتعلم للقاموس في القراءة يساعده ليتعرف على عدد كبير من مرادفات الكلمة
وبالتالي استثمارها لاحقا في حصة التعبير الكتابي .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ شرح
الكلمات التي يصعب فهمها على الدارس وكتابتها في دفتر خاص ومطالبته بحفظها </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">يوفر
له فرصة توظيفها في مواضع مختلفة .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ شرح
الصور البلاغية والمحسنات البديعية بصورة مبسطة جدا كالتشبيه والطباق دون ذكر هذه</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">التسميات
قصد استثمارها بعد ذلك في التعبير.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ
اللجوء عند الحاجة إلى استعمال القصاصات الورقية في تكوين الجمل من خلال الكلمات
كي يتعلم </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">الدارس
الربط بين الكلمات والجمل في التعبير .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 23.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">2 ـ
علاقة التعبير بالإملاء :</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">توجد
علاقة وطيدة بين نشاطي الإملاء والتعبير من خلال :</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ
تصحيح المتعلم لأخطائه الإملائية والصرفية والنحوية بتجنب الوقوع في نفس الخطأ مرة
أخرى في التعبير الكتابي .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ
الإملاء الواضح والسليم من قبل المعلم يقوي القدرات الإدراكية للمتعلم وبالتالي
يمكنه من استرجاع بعض ما سمع ويوظفه في فقرة التعبير .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">3 ـ
علاقة التعبير بالمطالعة :</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ إن
التعرض في حصص المطالعة لموضوعات مختلفة ومتنوعة تكسب المتعلم ثراء معرفيا ينعكس
إيجابيا على حصيلته اللغوية .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ـ إن
حسن اختيار المعلم لموضوع المطالعة يمكن الدارس من استخلاص العبر وبالتالي توظيف
ذلك داخل المؤسسة وخارجها .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">طـــرق تــدريــس الـتـعبــير </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">يمتاز
التعبير بين فروع اللغة العربية بأنه غاية وغيره من المواد وسائل مساعدة عليه
.ويستمد التعبـير أهميته من أنه وسيلة الإفهام وأحـد جانبي عملية التفاهم ، وللعجز
فيه أثر كبير في إخفاق الأطفال وفقد الثقة بالنفس وتأخر نموهم الاجتماعي والفكري ،
ينبغي أن يكون للتلميذ متسعا من الحرية في اختيار العبارات التي يؤدي بها أفكاره
وألا يفيد التعبير بزمن معين أو حصة محددة لأنه نشاط لغوي مستمر : يجب على المعلم
أن ينتهز له كل فرصة ، وأن يهيء له نصيبا من كل حصة .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">منهجية تقديم نشاط التعبير الكتابي: </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">التعبير الكتابي نوعان:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">إبداعي
:يهدف إلى نقل الأفكار والأحاسيس بأسلوب جميل، مثل كتابة قصة، مسرحية، وصف
مشهد....</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">وظيفي:
يهدف إلى تسهيل الاتصال لقضاء الحاجات المعيشية مثل كتابة الرسائل، تعليمات، لوحة
اشهارية...</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ويقدم
على النحو التالي:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- عرض
السند (نص الموضوع)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
استخراج العناصر الأساسية و الجزئية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
التحفيز على استعمال كلمات وعبارات جديدة من النص المقروء والتي لها صلة بالموضوع.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- وضع
تصميم مناسب : (المقدمة التحليل الخاتمة )،على ان يطلب من المتعلم استعمال ظواهر
نحوية و تعيينها بالتسطير و التسمية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تحديد عدد أسطر الفقرة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تحديد الزمن اللازم للكتابة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تكليف التلاميذ بالكتابة في الموضوع.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">متطلبات
التعبير الكتابي: ومع كل فعلى المتعلم احترام مجموعة من المتطلبات التي يستوجبها
المعنى الأصلي للتعبير .فالتعبير في أصله هو الإفصاح و الإبانة ومن بينها :</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
التحكم في القراءة وتحويل الأصوات إلى حروف مطابقة لها،</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
معرفة الأصوات التي تنطق ولا تكتب، والتي تكتب ولا تنطق،</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
كتابة جمل تامة وواضحة،</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
إنهاء الجملة بعلامة الترقيم المناسب،</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
استعمال علامات الترقيم استعمالاً سليماً،</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- يعرف
القواعد البسيطة (نحوية، صرفية، إملائية) لتركيب الجملة،</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
كتابة فقرات كاملة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
ترجمة الأفكار إلى جمل وفقرات.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">التقييـــــــــــــــم:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">يكون تقيم المواضيع خارج القسم وذلك بتعيين الأخطاء
وترميزها وتسجيلها على دفتر خاص،</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">كما
يكون التركيز أثناء التقييم على:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
المقدمة المناسبة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
الكتابة في الموضوع.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
الإلمام بعناصر الموضوع.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- صحة
المعلومات المقدمة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
ترابط وتسلسل الأفكار.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تماسك التراكيب النحوية والصرفية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
توظيف العناصر المطلوبة وتعيينها وتسميتها.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
الكتابة بدون أخطاء.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">منهجية تصحيح التعبير الكتابي :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">من طرائق تصحيح التعبير الكتابي:- التصحيح الثنائي:
تفويج المتعلمين مثنى مثنى مع مراعاة التفاوت في المستوى( المعلم (ة ) يوجه.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
التصحيح بالتفويج : تفويج المتعلمين 4/4 قصد التعاون في ضبط الأجوبة الصحيحة (
المعلم (ة ) يوجه .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
التصحيح الجماعي : الذي يكون على النحو التالي:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">تصحح
الأخطاء بالتناوب: الإملائية، النحوية،...</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
كتابة الكلمة أو العبارة بخطئها:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تعيين الخطأ وذكر السبب ثم محوه.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
استرجاع القاعدة ( إ- ن – ص)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تسجيل الصواب على السبورة ثم على الدفاتر.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- تتبع
نفس المراحل لتصحيح بقية الأخطاء.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
قراءة أحسن موضوع .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">ولكي
يكون التصحيح مثمرا ومفيدا يفضل أن يراعى فيه :</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- وضع
خطوط تحت الكلمات و العبارات التي بها خطأ على أن يوضع في الهامش رمز يشير إلى نوع
الخطأ ويقوم التلميذ نفسه بإصلاحه .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- عدم
اكتفاء المعلم أثناء التصحيح بتسجيل ما يراه من الأخطاء الشائعة و عرضه على
التلاميذ في حصة التصحيح؛ ليغيروا من ذلك ويتجنبوا تلك الأخطاء في كتاباتهم بل يجب
الرجوع دوما إلى القاعدة المدروسة لتطبيقها .</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">- عدم
اكتفاء المعلم بتقدير موضوع التلميذ بدرجة معينة بل يجب أن يضيف إلى ذلك ملاحظات
كتابية تشير إلى النقائص أو عبارات تشجيعية.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">إرشادات
للمعلم أثنا التصحيح:</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تفادي التقييم العقابي من خلال الدرجات، إذ إن ذلك يحبط المتعلم ويقلل من دافعيته
للكتابة. وهنا لابد للمعلم أن يقوم بتوزيع درجاته على الأفكار ومهارات الكتابة
بالتساوي ويشير الباحثون بضرورة تجنب الإفراط في التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية، إذ إن
ذلك يمكن أن يؤدي إلى صرف اهتمام الطلاب عن محتوى الكتابة، كما يمكن أن يؤدي إلى
افتقاد المتعة في الكتابة نتيجة للتفكر في الأخطاء. حيث يؤكد الباحثون ضرورة تركيز
المعلم على اثنين أو ثلاثة من أخطاء المتعلم المتكررة وليس على جميع الأخطاء.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">-
تقديم واجبات يومية وأسبوعية متكررة ومتنوعة، وذلك لتنويع تجارب الكتابة لدى
المتعلم مما يسهم في تحسين مهارات الكتابة لديه ومن الممكن وضع واجب شهري ليقوم
المتعلم بكتابة موضوعات مختلفة في صفحات متعددة، وليس من الضروري تصحيح ذلك الواجب
أو قراءة المعلم له، ولكن الغرض تشجيع المتعلم على ممارسة الكتابة الحرة دون قيود</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 22.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 23.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">خاتـــــــــــمة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size: 17.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: inherit; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR; mso-hansi-font-family: inherit;">وفي
الأخير نتمنى أن نكون قد أفدنا واستفدنا من خلال هذ العمل المتواضع الذي أردنا من
خلاله التعرف على أسس وطرق تقديم وتقييم وتصحيح التعبير الكتابي لما له من أهمية
بالغة كيف لا وهو النشاط الوحيد في نشاطات اللغة الذي يعتبر غاية وباقي الأنشطة
وسائل تخدم المتعلم وتجعله قادرا على انتاج نص و التواصل مع الأخرين من خلال نشاط
التعبير الكتابي .</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3063146146452459360.post-72117798171967938852019-08-14T22:46:00.000+01:002019-08-14T22:50:11.128+01:00بيداغوجية البؤس: تغليب كفة السياسي على البياغوجي<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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</div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ردا على المفرنسين الذين تبنوا التجربة بدون سقف
بيداغوجي، أو فرضت عليهم مسبقا.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">بعدما فشل التناوب السياسي في المغرب، ها هم يخرجون
علينا بتخريجة جديدة اسمها التناوب في تدريس المواد العلمية، فما معنى التناوب؟؟؟</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">إذا كانت الجهات الرسمية قد اختارت التدريس بالفرنسية،
فلماذا هدر الزمن المدرسي، بالتناوب اللغوي في تدريس المواد العلمية؟؟؟ وما هي
الفائدة التي سيحققها المتعلم و المتعلمة بالتعامل مع اللغتين معا، مادامت هذه
الجهات قد اختارت و حسمت في الاختيار أي تبني التدريس بالفرنسية، وهو اختبار لا
رجعة فيه، بمعنى أوضح سيستمر إلى غاية2030 ؟</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">نحن الآن في 2019، وبعملية حسابية بسيطة تفصلنا عن
2030إحدى عشر 11 سنة، المدة الزمنية التي سيتم فيها تجريب التدريس بالفرنسية، الفكرة
في جوهرها مقبولة، لكن لماذا التجأت الجهات المعلومة لهذا التبني ؟؟وما هي
الاعتبارات المنهجية و البيداغوجية و السياسية التي تحكمت في هذا الاختيار؟ وقبل
الانتقال للتجربة الجديدة: هل قيمت الجهات المعلومة تجربة التدريس باللغة العربية
؟؟بمعنى أوضح لماذا فشلت هذه التجربة؟؟ أو على ألأصح من أفشلها ؟؟و لصالح من
؟؟باعتبارنا بيداغوجيين<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>وممارسين في نفس
الوقت ،ليس من السهل إقناعنا بأن التجربة قد فشلت، لأنه لحد كتابة هذه السطور لا
يوجد أي تقرير صادر عن المجلس الأعلى قبتهم البيداغوجية يبين بالملموس ان التجربة
فقدت راهنيتها، و بالتالي يتعين القيام بالمراجعة اللازمة، لأنقاد المنظومة من
الإفلاس البيداغوجي المحتمل ، قال لي البعض أنهم اجتمعوا في قبة المجلس الأعلى
للتربية و التكوين، ودرسوا جميع الاحتمالات الممكنة و المفترضة طيلة ستة أشهر، فهل
سنشكك في مختصين يفهمون أكثر من غيرهم في البيداغوجيا؟؟ </span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">إن تبني تدريس المواد العلمية باللغة الفرنسية في جوهره
المطلق فكرة مقبولة، لا اعتراض لدينا عليها، بل اعتراضنا هو حول الكيفية التي ثم
بها التنزيل، لأنها لم تستند على أرضية صلبة كانت لها بمثابة سند، لغياب الشروط
التالية:</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">أولا ثم تنزيل هذا المخطط دون استشارة الفاعلين في
المجال، و أحدد هنا المعنيين بالأمر و الممارسين داخل الفصول الدراسة.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ثانيا :القرار ثم اتخاده في قبة المجلس الأعلى للتربية و
التكوين، وهو مجلس ذو صفة استشارية صرفة ، أي انه لا يتوفر على الصفة التقريرية بل
الاستشارية فقط.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ثالثا: لم يوضح هذا المجلس في إطار أي ظرف ثم تبني هذا
الاختيار؟؟</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">رابعا : لم يبين المجلس لماذا فشل التدريس باللغة
العربية؟؟؟</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">خامسا :لم يتفق كل الممثلين داخل هذا المجلس على تبني
هذا الاختيار، مما يوضح أن هناك اختلاف و أحدد هنا وجود اختلاف سياسي و ليس
بيداغوجي، مما سبين بوضوح أن حضور السياسي ضمن التربوي يفسد العملية التعليمية
التعلمية، و يفرغها من محتواها الحقيقي، فسبب تدني مستوى التعليم المغربي منذ
الستينيات هو تدخل التوجه السياسي الحزبي فيه.</span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">سادسا :هل الأرضية الحالية الخاصة بتنزيل تدريس المواد
العلمي بالفرنسية متوفرة، و أنا هنا أتحدث عن التشخيص الحقيقي لأعطاب المنظومة و
ليس بدافع عاطفي، لأنه حسب علمي المتواضع هناك ضعف بين في اللغات و خاصة الفرنسية،
مما ينعكس سلبا على مردودية المتعلمين في كل الأسلاك بدون استثناء من الابتدائي
إلى العالي. </span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">سابعا :و أخيرا: ماذا عن المستويات التي لن يشملها
الإصلاح، تحديدا تلك التي توجد اليوم في منتصف الطريق، و التي ستدرس السنة المقبلة
المواد العلمية باللغة العربية؟؟؟هل سيظل مصيرها مجهولا؟؟؟؟وخاصة لما ستلج للتعليم
العالي؟؟؟</span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">هذه الأسئلة و غيرها تفرض نفسها بإلحاح، لأننا <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>باعتبارنا بيداغوجيين <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>،بصراحة تفاجأنا بتنزيل الإصلاح دون استشارتنا
المسبقة، على اعتبار أن القرارات الحاسمة دائما و أبدا يتم تنزيلها من فوق ، قبل
من قبل و كره من كره، وهذا وحده سبب كاف لتعرض التجربة للفشل المسبق.</span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">إكسمان
داريل""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> <span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""</span></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""</span><span style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">TICE<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""</span></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: "adobe arabic" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">هاكر مغربي أبيض و فاعل تربوي ومهتم. بتكنولوجيا الإخبار
و التواصل....</span></div>
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